[2.24] Add hashes for kubernetes 1.28.[10,9,8,7] & 1.27.[14,13,12,11]

[bozzo]

What type of PR is this?

Uncomment only one /kind <> line, hit enter to put that in a new line, and remove leading whitespaces from that line:

/kind api-change
/kind bug
/kind cleanup
/kind design
/kind documentation
/kind failing-test
/kind feature
/kind flake

What this PR does / why we need it:
Add hashes for kubernetes 1.28.[10,9,8,7] & 1.27.[14,13,12,11] in 2.24 release

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Backport of #11196 #11108 #11035 #10919

Special notes for your reviewer:

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

Add hashes for kubernetes 1.28.10, 1.28.9, 1.28.8, 1.28.7
Add hashes for kubernetes 1.27.14, 1.27.13, 1.27.12, 1.27.11

[k8s-ci-robot]

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This pull-request has been approved by: bozzo
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[VannTen]

rebase to get the fix for debian